In the global North, people spend an estimated 90% of their time indoors, disconnected from nature, which negatively impacts mental and physical health. With work increasingly becoming a digital, screen-focused experience—whether in the office or at home—how can companies and employees incorporate design principles that bring the outdoors in? The answer lies in biophilic design, which creates positive work environments that enhance productivity, wellness, and overall health.

What is biophilic design?

Biophilia, originally coined to describe the human tendency to connect with natural and lifelike processes, laid the foundation for biophilic design. Introduced in the 1980s by biologist Edward O. Wilson, this concept emerged from his observation that increasing urbanization was causing a growing disconnection from nature. From the industrial era to the rise of urban living and our current digital lifestyles, the consensus remains clear: we need more nature in our daily lives.

Biophilic office design leverages the proven benefits of natural elements—such as reduced stress, improved mood, and enhanced cognitive performance—by incorporating them strategically into workplace environments. Examples include the use of plants and greenery, carpets patterned after natural textures, increased natural light, designs featuring natural materials, and even carefully curated scentscapes.

How does biophilic design work?

Mimicking natural surroundings in our workspaces has a profound impact on our well-being and productivity. Here are the main principles of Biophilic Design that can transform any office environment:

• Enhanced connection to space. Designs that mirror nature help us feel more connected to our surroundings and aligned with the natural flow of time.

• Boosted curiosity and creativity. Incorporating natural elements encourages a deeper relationship with nature, sparking curiosity and innovative thinking.

• Increased productivity and health.

• Natural light supports circadian rhythms and boosts employee productivity.

• Indoor greenery mproves air quality, enhancing overall health and well-being.

• Improved mood and reduced stress. Spending time in green spaces or integrating natural elements into daily life elevates mood and reduces stress levels.

• Higher staff retention. Numerous studies show that healthier work environments lead to more than 50% increase in staff retention rates.

• Enhanced mental cognition. Better air quality significantly improves mental cognition, making employees sharper and more focused.

Community and collaboration

The term “neighborhoods” is used in office design to refer to the breaking up of space into areas that mimic outside life. So just as one may prefer to live in an area broken up by gardens, parks, or other natural features, workers should be met with the same experiences in the workplace, enjoying a more naturally separated environment. This gives more opportunity for a community-oriented office space, not unlike what one would find in a neighborhood. This approach can be found in biophilic design.

Biophilic design and your workspace

While some major offices go as far as incorporating treehouses, not every company can afford a full-scale biophilic architecture makeover. However, there are plenty of ways to introduce biophilic design elements into your workplace or home office without breaking the bank. Here are some tips to get you started:

• Incorporate indoor plants. Plants are a simple yet powerful way to improve air quality and boost the general mood in the office. Consider strategic placement, such as using plants as natural dividers between workspaces. For a hassle-free solution, consider hiring a plant rental service, which takes care of everything from installation to maintenance, ensuring your greenery stays fresh and vibrant.

• Use natural textures and patterns. Opt for rugs with irregular patterns or textures that mimic outdoor surroundings or grassy fields. This subtle nod to nature can make a significant difference in creating a more inviting and relaxing atmosphere.

• Maximize natural light. Position workspaces near windows to increase exposure to natural light, which can enhance mood and productivity. If natural light is limited, try using adjustable light settings to mimic the natural progression of daylight throughout the day.

• Introduce natural materials. Incorporate more natural elements, such as wooden boxes, wall art, or even living walls, to bring a sense of the outdoors into your office space.

Whether you’re looking to green up your office or add natural touches to your home workspace, these biophilic design strategies can help you create a more inspiring and healthy environment.